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Will, Flesh, Sin & Opposition (Hexagram #38)

petrosianii

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I know what you're thinking: scary title for a I Ching blog, right?

Others of you have just cringed. "Omigod! He's gone religious! He's about to start damning us to hell!" :eek:

Not at all.
Actually, I'm going to talk about hexagram #38, Contradiction. A very intriguing hexagram, if you ask me.

Contradiction connotes the idea of two forces held in opposition to one another. The image looks like a person who has two thoughts hovering over her head, arguing with each other. The devil on your left shoulder and angel on your right shoulder image, if you prefer.

I've been exploring this contradiction with respect to addiction - and then tying that in with my understandings of Christian theology. What can I say? I'm a professional philosopher; that's what we do!

I came up with this axiom:

"Between the decision of the will and the execution of the body stands the incorrigible power of sin in the flesh."

(btw, I use the phrase "sin that dwells in the flesh" only because that is the place where biblical writers, and theologians who followed, locate the sin-power, in the "fleshy" parts of the body; too much theology for my own good, right?!).

Now, don't go running away in bristling antagonism because of my free usage of Christian verbiage. I'm simply describing, in religious terms, a very common experience. That is, the experience of willing to do one thing, but actually doing another.

Quitting Smoking: An Everyday Example


Take for example a chronic smoker. If you do a poll, you'll find that the vast majority of smokers actually want to stop. Even more importantly, most have tried to quit, on many occasions, with limited or no success. In others words, they willed (i.e., determined, resolved, or decided) to stop, but couldn't actually stop.

Smokers the world over are given various reasons as to why they were unsuccessful in quitting. All the various explanations really boil down to: "You just don't want it bad enough." Nevertheless, I disagree that this is the chief cause of failure, and argue that the issue of addiction is much more complicated than all that.

As a working theory, my view is just what I said a few paragraphs before:

"Between the decision of the will and the execution of the body stands the incorrigible power of sin in the flesh."

In other words, the smoker willed (decided) to stop, her body then moved to stop, but the power of sin in the flesh prevented her from stopping.

Now, I know this doesn't sound very palatable to the psychiatric community. We no longer like to talk of sin. But I am not a psychologist (yet). I'm a philosophical counselor, and we're not as theoretically straitjacketed as those in the psychiatric profession (yet). I'm not terribly concerned with what the psychiatric community thinks of sin or anything else, for that matter. "To thine own self be true," the saying goes.

You can breathe a sigh of relief now. I'm not using the term "sin" the way you were taught in Catholic catechism. I use the term "sin" as it was sometimes used in the "canonical" Scriptures and as it was often used in the "gnostic" scriptures. "Sin" is simply "falling short," "imperfection."

Strip away the moral and juridical undertones of the word for a moment, will you? Sin just means: I'm not perfect; you're not perfect. I fall short; you fall short. In other words, there is a principle that operates within me (and within you, too) that produces a certain amount of imperfection, a certain amount of falling short, stumbling, slipping up, f-ing up, of necessity. There's no avoiding it; there's no escaping it. As we black folk like to say, "It is what it is and it does what it do."

But there's a freedom, a liberation, in simply just acknowledging this truth. Instead, we run from it, try to hide it from ourselves, try desperately to hide it from others. That makes for a great deal of frustration.

Hexagram #38 Opposition

That sin-principle, as some theologians call it, is the principle of opposition expressed in hexagram #38, I think. Forces "working at cross purposes" to one another. "Antagonistic dualisms found within the Self." "Elements of divers natures working in contradiction to one another." Ambivalence, which literally means "two figures facing one another."

The bible expresses the same idea, just in different terms:

"For the flesh lusts against the spirit, and the spirit against the flesh. These two are opposed to one another, so that you do not what you will." (The Letter to the Galatians, Chapter 5, verse 17.)
 

fkegan

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He 38 as opposition of ideal and real

Hi petrosianii,
There certainly is an element to hex 38 of winnowing things out between open spaces and hard limits. Also an element of making a lot of noise about the pain of this process. I took the American terms, Screens (Screams) for my name for the hexagram. Also a bit of the ability to showcase some things and hide others like a computer or TV screen.

It is also the 8th hexagram of the decad of the individual family. The 8th place being where things are actively being expressed in contrast with the 7th which is passive structure--hex 37 as the organization of the family unit.

However, that makes hex 38 not the battle of good and evil but rather the sibling rivalry of the middle and youngest daughter. They are stuck inside on a rainy day (in modern terms), left on their own as all their brothers and elders are off doing their appointed rounds, and having to entertain themselves. So they are fighting, not to cause damage or be unsisterly, just to make what they can out of the situation and resources at hand.

A good overall description of Christian metaphor, psychological insight, and problems with dropping bad habits though. At core there is no great or difficult problem, it just seems that way since the situation is being judged and misunderstood. The solution lies in a totally different perspective--as the Yi commentary notes, the two sisters are just different and they need their separate space (in traditional China that was only possible when they married into different households).

Habits serve some personal need, changing habits requires accepting that need and finding it a better expression. Psychological issues come down to family history and dynamics and they are resolved by working with the person's narrative and finding ways to recast it so it remains the same story but has a better current and future result.

The change you describe in the notion of sin moves from Christian sources to the older Hebrew and later Jesus-based (also Hebrew, of course) notion of merely human. So, the problem is dealing with the idealized expectations of what is written in Holy Writ and what is the reality of living humans who aren't written down at all and have all sorts of imperfections not mentioned in the text.

Addictions are habits that work on some level, but cause problems upon others. They can be dealt with by making those issues internal choices you can make; or great ideals in conflict where you can be a bit of a superhero; or simple questions of making peace and finding space for all the sibling-elements in your soul. Hex 38--screaming and working things through the sieve and projecting upon the monitor screen.

Frank
 

petrosianii

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Insightful response

Insightful response. I'll have to think about your statements over the coming week.
Thanks
 

hilary

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Hexagram 38 as a homunculus on each shoulder giving opposing advice - yes, certainly. Perhaps they could be angel and devil, though I can't remember a reading where they were.

When you mention
the experience of willing to do one thing, but actually doing another
though, that reminds me strongly of 31.3:

'Influence in your thighs,
Holding to your following
Going on, shame.'

The various possible interpretations and translations of this one include the idea that the spirit is willing (to hold on), but the influence in the thighs is stronger.
 
M

meng

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I get the simile, however find the concept of sin itself to oppose liberation from said fleshy vices. One doesn't need to make enemies of undesirable attachments, only to break from them in ones own mind.

To quote Wilhelm's own Christian influenced words from 43: "Nor must our own passions and shortcomings be glossed over. Third, the struggle must not be carried on directly by force. If evil is branded, it thinks of weapons, and if we do it the favor of fighting against it blow for blow, we lose in the end because thus we ourselves get entangled in hatred and passion."

That said, I do hear what you're saying about opposition between mind/will and the flesh/body. I quit smoking exactly 6 months ago, and I could see your point. I can see the body as being the temple of Spirit, and how smoking, or any other repetitive and dangerous (29) practice, could theoretically defile that space. If it is sinful to us, then it is sin indeed. At least that's what Paul said.

Thanks for the fresh perspective.

Bruce
 

petrosianii

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humunculous

The various possible interpretations and translations of this one include the idea that the spirit is willing (to hold on), but the influence in the thighs is stronger.

Excellent! My point exactly. :bows:
 

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